rsync is generally faster than scp for copying files, especially when transferring a large amount of data or syncing directories. Here’s why:
1. Incremental Transfers
rsync: Only transfers the parts of files that have changed, rather than the entire file. This makes subsequent transfers much faster.scp: Always transfers the entire file, even if only a small part of it has changed.
2. Compression
rsync: Supports compression during the transfer (using the-zoption), which reduces the amount of data sent over the network.scp: Also supports compression (using the-Coption), but it doesn’t have the same efficiency in skipping unchanged data.
3. Resume Support
rsync: Can resume interrupted transfers without starting over (using the--partialflag).scp: Does not natively support resuming transfers. If the transfer is interrupted, you need to restart it.
4. Efficient Directory Handling
rsync: Designed for syncing directories, handling file metadata, permissions, and symbolic links efficiently.scp: Less efficient for syncing directories and preserving metadata.
When to Use Each Tool
- Use
rsyncif:- You need to sync large files or directories.
- You expect the transfer might be interrupted.
- Only parts of files or directories have changed.
- Use
scpif:- You need a simple, one-time transfer of a few files.
- You don’t need incremental syncing or advanced features.
Command Examples:
rsync:
rsync -avz source_file user@remote:/path/to/destination
scp:
scp source_file user@remote:/path/to/destination
In summary, rsync is more efficient for most use cases, particularly when dealing with large or frequently updated files.